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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES MOSELEY, OF MANCHESTER, GREAT BRITAIN.

TELEPHONE-TRANSM ITTER.

SPECIFICATION'forming part of Letters Patent No. 242,218, dated May 31,1881. Application tiled April 16, 1881. (No'model.) Patented in EnglandMarch 4, 1881.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES MosELEr, ot'Manchester, in the Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Telephone-Transmitters, (for which I have obtaineda patent in Great Britain bearing date 4th March, A. D, 1881, No. 925,)of which the following is a specification.

My improvements relate to the construction of apparatus for transmittingsound by the aid of electricity, and have for their objects thereduction in the amount of electrical resistance in the transmitter andthe attainment of an increased intensity of sound in thereceiving-telephone; and it consists in the employment as atension-regulator or variable-resistance medium of that sulphide ofcopper variously known as precipitated sulphide of copper,7protosulphide of copper, and cupric sulphide, the chemical forlnula ofwhich is CuS. This substance I use either in a compressed or in apulverulent state.

In carrying out my invention I cause the sulphide of copper to form partof an electric circuit, and so place it'thatit may be inuenced by thevibrations of a diaphragm when the latter is set in motion by the actionof soundwaves. The variations in the rapidity and amplitude of thevibrations of the diaphragm produce corresponding variations in theconductivity of the sulphide of copper, and therefore in the undulationsof the electric current in the circuit of which it is inserted.

My invention may be applied in various ways 5 but in order that it maybe more readily understood I will proceed to describe, with reference tothe accompanying drawings, some typical examples of the manner in whichthe same may be carried into effect.

Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings show, in section and plan,a .method of employing the sulphide of copper in the pulverulent form.

A is a cavity formed in a non-conducting material, such as wood.

B and G are two conductors of electricity, such as platinum or othermetal, carbon, or the compressed sulphide of copper, which are attachedto the wires E F, communicating respectively with the opposite poles ofthe battery.

F' is the body of the transmitter. G is an open mouth-piece, and H isthe diaphragm. The cavity A is loosely filled with the pulverulentsulphide of copper, which, being thenin contact with the conductors B O,forms part of the electric circuit.

In Figs. 3 and 5 and their respective side elevations, 4 and 6,compressed sulphide of copper is employed for the blocks B B and thepencils C O. A' A' are the diaphragms, upon which are mounted the blocksB B, between which the pencils C C are freely suspended.

In Fig. 3 opposite blocks are connected with the wires E F.

In Fig. 5 one of the blocks, B', is mounted on the center ot thediaphragm, the other blocks being arranged around it, so that thepencils may be suspended between the central block and the other blocksin radial directions. One half the number of the outer blocks are inelectrical contact by means of the metal strip D D and the other half bymeans ot' the corresponding strip D' D', the outer blocks being thusdivided into two series, one of which is connected to the Wire E and theother to the wire F, communicating respectively with the opposite polesof the battery. The pencils may have their ends reduced in diameter, andare inserted in recesses formed in the blocks.

Fig. 7 shows in section, and Fig. 8 in plan, another example, in whichthe compressed sulphide of copperis employed. A" is ametallic diaphragm.B" is a line spring, having at its extremity over the center of thediaphragm the platinum points C'. D" is a disk of compressed sulphide ofcopper, carried by a stouter spring, 'E'. The diaphragm A" is mounted ina castiron ring, F", which carries also the regulatinglever G', thislever being jointed to the ring by the spring H'. At its free end thelever G is bent so as to form an inclined plane, J. At the other end iti's bent toward the diaphragm at a right angle. At the end ot' this bentportion are fixed the springs B" E', which must be carefully insulatedfrom each other. Acting upon the inclined plane is a small screw, K,which, upon being moved inward, depressesthe lever, and on beingwithdrawn allows it to rise. By this means a greater or less amount ofroo pressure may be brought about between the disk of sulphide of'copper D", the platinum points C', and the diaphragm. The electriccircuit is completed through the wires E F. The diaphragm is surroundedon its periphery by the india-rubber band O, and is retained in positionby the clips P It. One of them, R, be ing longer than the other andpressing upon the diaphragm,'serves to restrain the amplitude of itsvibrations. The clip It is prevented from coming into metallic contactwith tbe diaphragm by means of a piece of india-rubber tube, S, slippedover it, and its pressure on the diaphragm is regulated by the screw T.The soundwaves are caused to act upon the opposite side of the diaphragmthrough a suitable mouth-piece. In al1 cases I prefer to make thecontacts with the sulphide of copper by means of a conducting materialbetween which and the sulphide no chemical reaction can occur underordinary circumstances, for which purpose I prefer to use platinum.

Having now described my said invention and shown how the same is or maybe carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that I do not limitmyself to tbe examples of the application of myinvention shown anddescribed,

which are similar to those ot' well-known transmitters in ordinary use;but

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As a tension-regulator or variable-resistance medium intelephone-transmitters, the protosulphide or precipitated sulphide ofcopper in a compressed or in apulverulent condition, substantially asdescribed.

2. A telepbone-transmitter comprising one 35 or more bodies or massesot' protosulphide or 1 precipitated sulphide of copper, in combinationwith conductors for including said bodies or masses in an electriccircuit, and a dia phragm for altering by its vibration the electricconductivity ofsaid bodies or masses, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in tbe presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES MOSELEY.

Witnesses:

JOHN H. WHITE, WILLIAM E. KEYS.

